How does a centrifugal pump work

How does a centrifugal pump work?

Centrifugal pump is a typical impeller pump, which is widely used in the national economy. In oil mines, centrifugal pumps are mainly used for oil field water injection, oil production, oil transportation, drilling pump injection, water supply and drainage, etc.

When the centrifugal pump is working, the engine drives the impeller to rotate through the pump shaft, and the liquid in the volute is rotated by the many curved blades on the impeller. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown from the center of the impeller to the edge along the flow channel between the blades. Then it flows to the discharge pipe through the screw pump casing (referred to as the volute). With the continuous discharge of the liquid, a vacuum is formed in the center of the impeller of the pump. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the liquid in the suction pool continuously flows into the center of the impeller through the suction pipe, and then is thrown out by the impeller.

When the impeller acts, the mechanical energy of the pump shaft is transferred to the liquid, which becomes the velocity energy and pressure energy of the liquid.

The volute of the pump is a diffuser tube that collects the liquid thrown from the impeller and leads it to the discharge port. The flow area of the diffuser is gradually increased, and it plays a role in reducing the flow velocity and converting part of the velocity energy of the fluid into pressure energy. On some pumps, the outer edge of the impeller is equipped with guide vanes, which are also used to guide flow and convert energy.

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